### Lesson Plan: Maintenance of Steering Systems
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**Subject:** Auto Mechanics
**Grade:** Senior Secondary 3
**Topic:** Maintenance of Steering Systems
**Duration:** 90 minutes
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#### **Objectives:**
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:
1. Identify the components of steering systems.
2. Understand the different types of steering systems.
3. Explain common issues with steering systems.
4. Perform basic maintenance on a steering system.
5. Understand safety protocols related to steering systems.
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#### **Materials Needed:**
- Whiteboard and markers
- Projector and computer for multimedia presentation
- Steering system models or diagrams
- Tools for demonstration (wrenches, screwdrivers, grease gun, etc.)
- Steering system parts (e.g., tie rods, steering rack)
- Safety equipment (gloves, safety glasses)
- Handouts and worksheets
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#### **Lesson Activities:**
1. **Introduction (10 minutes)**
- **Greeting and Attendance:** Greet students and take attendance.
- **Introduction to Topic:** Briefly introduce the topic of the day and state the learning objectives.
- **Quick Review:** Review previous classes by asking short questions related to automobile systems.
2. **Lecture and Discussion (20 minutes)**
- **Types of Steering Systems:** Explain the two main types - Rack and Pinion, and Recirculating Ball. Use diagrams to illustrate.
- **Steering System Components:** Discuss key components, such as the steering wheel, column, rack/pinion or recirculating ball assembly, tie rods, and power steering pump.
- **Common Issues:** Identify typical issues (e.g., loose steering, power steering fluid leaks, worn tie rods).
3. **Multimedia Presentation (15 minutes)**
- Show a detailed video or animation on steering systems, focusing on different types and their mechanisms.
- Pause intermittently to explain key points and answer questions.
4. **Hands-on Demonstration (25 minutes)**
- **Safety Briefing:** Explain and distribute safety equipment. Emphasize the importance of safety protocols.
- **Basic Maintenance Tasks:**
- Checking power steering fluid levels and recognizing proper/abnormal levels.
- Inspecting tie rods and other linkage for wear and damage.
- Demonstrating how to lubricate relevant parts.
- **Instructor Demo:** Perform a step-by-step demonstration on a real or model steering system, highlighting important steps and precautions.
5. **Student Practice (15 minutes)**
- **Group Work:** Students work in small groups to perform simple maintenance tasks on a steering system model or identify parts on diagrams.
- **Instructor Guidance:** Walk around, offering guidance and answering questions.
- **Assessment:** Observe and assess students' understanding and practical skills.
6. **Conclusion (5 minutes)**
- **Recap of Key Points:** Ask students to summarize what they have learned about steering system maintenance.
- **Questions and Answers:** Provide a final opportunity for students to ask questions.
- **Assignment:** Hand out worksheets or a short assignment for further practice. Ask students to research the symptoms of a failing power steering system.
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#### **Assessment:**
- **Formative:** Monitor student participation during discussions and hands-on activities.
- **Summative:** Collect and grade the worksheets/assignments.
- **Practical Skills:** Assess students' competency based on their performance during the hands-on practice session.
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#### **Follow-Up:**
- **Homework:** Research one advanced topic related to steering systems (e.g., Electronic Power Steering) and prepare a short presentation for the next class.
- **Next Class:** Review homework and introduce diagnostics of steering system faults. Continue with more advanced maintenance techniques.
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This lesson plan aims to strike a balance between theoretical knowledge and practical experience, ensuring that students understand not only how to maintain steering systems but also why such maintenance is essential.